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The 1976 Argentine coup was a right-wing coup d'état that overthrew Isabel Perón on 24 March 1976, in Argentina. In her place, a military junta was installed, which was headed by General Jorge Rafael Videla, Admiral Emilio Eduardo Massera and Brigadier-General〔The rank of brigadier-general in the Argentine Air Force is equivalent to 3-star or 4-star rank. See Brigadier-general#Argentina for more information.〕 Orlando Ramón Agosti. The junta took the official name of "National Reorganization Process", and remained in power until 10 December 1983. Although political repression (the so-called "Dirty War") began long before the coup, it was heavily extended after the event and resulted in the "disappearances" of between around 9,300 and 30,000 persons, depending on sources. The coup had been planned since October 1975, and the United States Department of State learned of the preparations two months before its execution.〔(【引用サイトリンク】date=16 February 1976 )〕 == Preludes == President Juan Domingo Perón died on 1 July 1974. He was succeeded by his wife, María Estela Martínez de Perón, nicknamed "Isabelita", who proved incapable of controlling the rapidly deteriorating political and social situation. On 5 February 1975, Operativo Independencia was launched; a Vietnam-style intervention aiming to annihilate the guerrilla strongholds in the Tucumán jungle, which had maintained a presence in the area as early as May 1974. In October, the country was divided into five military zones, and each commander was given full autonomy to unleash a carefully planned wave of repression. On 18 December, a number of warplanes took off from Morón Air Base and strafed the Casa Rosada in an attempt to overthrow Isabel de Perón. The rebellion was only halted four days later through arbitration by a chaplain. However, the military did succeed in toppling Air Force commander Héctor Fautario, the government's only remaining loyal officer, who had drawn harsh criticism towards himself from the Army and Navy due to his vehement opposition to their repressive plans, and for his refusal to mobilize the Air Force against the guerrillas' strongholds in the north. Crucially, he was Videla's last obstacle on the way to power. By January 1976, Argentina's fate was sealed. The guerrilla front in Tucumán was reduced to a few platoons, and the military was biding its time, fully backed by the local élite and the United States.〔(【引用サイトリンク】date=4 December 2003 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「1976 Argentine coup d'état」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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